1924th Introduction - Revision history

Codesuser: /* B. Sources for Reconstruction of the Draft April 1924 */

2026-10-17T13:28:17Z

B. Sources for Reconstruction of the Draft April 1924

Codesuser at 04:44, 17 October 2026

2026-10-17T04:44:57Z

Codesuser at 13:06, 14 October 2026

2026-10-14T13:06:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:06, 14 October 2026
Line 93:		Line 93:
	*** “บันทึก ๑ – ๙” (P.89/1 — 42) and “บันทึก สำหรับมาตรา ๕๕๖ และ ๕๕๗ เพื่อขยายความในบันทึก ฉบับที่ ๙ ข้อ (๓)” (P.89/48 – 89/51) were written by พระยามานวราชเสวี;		*** “บันทึก ๑ – ๙” (P.89/1 — 42) and “บันทึก สำหรับมาตรา ๕๕๖ และ ๕๕๗ เพื่อขยายความในบันทึก ฉบับที่ ๙ ข้อ (๓)” (P.89/48 – 89/51) were written by พระยามานวราชเสวี;
	*** “บันทึก ๑๐ – ๑๕” (P.89/43 — 47, 89/52 — 75) were written by the 2nd person (probably หลวงสารสาสน์ประพันธ์);		*** “บันทึก ๑๐ – ๑๕” (P.89/43 — 47, 89/52 — 75) were written by the 2nd person (probably หลวงสารสาสน์ประพันธ์);
	*** “บันทึก ๑๖ – ๔๑” (~~Page~~ 89/76 – 238) were written by the 3rd person (probably นายประกอบ บุณยัษฐติ).		*** “บันทึก ๑๖ – ๔๑” (P.89/76 – 238) were written by the 3rd person (probably นายประกอบ บุณยัษฐติ).

	<p align=center style="margin-top:30px;"><font style="font-weight:bold; color:maroon;">――― ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ―――</font></p>		<p align=center style="margin-top:30px;"><font style="font-weight:bold; color:maroon;">――― ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ―――</font></p>

Codesuser at 11:59, 13 October 2026

2026-10-13T11:59:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:59, 13 October 2026
Line 95:		Line 95:
	*** “บันทึก ๑๖ – ๔๑” (Page 89/76 – 238) were written by the 3rd person (probably นายประกอบ บุณยัษฐติ).		*** “บันทึก ๑๖ – ๔๑” (Page 89/76 – 238) were written by the 3rd person (probably นายประกอบ บุณยัษฐติ).

	<font style="font-weight:bold; color:maroon;">――― ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ―――</font>		<p align=center style="margin-top:30px;"><font style="font-weight:bold; color:maroon;">――― ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ―――</font></p>

Codesuser at 11:57, 13 October 2026

2026-10-13T11:57:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:57, 13 October 2026
Line 95:		Line 95:
	*** “บันทึก ๑๖ – ๔๑” (Page 89/76 – 238) were written by the 3rd person (probably นายประกอบ บุณยัษฐติ).		*** “บันทึก ๑๖ – ๔๑” (Page 89/76 – 238) were written by the 3rd person (probably นายประกอบ บุณยัษฐติ).

	~~<p align="center" style="margin-top:40px;">~~<font style="font-weight:bold; color:maroon;">~~―――〈★ ★ ★〉―――~~</font~~></p~~>		<font style="font-weight:bold; color:maroon;">――― ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ―――</font>

Codesuser at 07:52, 13 October 2026

2026-10-13T07:52:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:52, 13 October 2026
Line 90:		Line 90:
	* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163476 Archive Vol.89 (ID: 163476)]		* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163476 Archive Vol.89 (ID: 163476)]
	** Title: บันทึกตรวจแก้ร่างประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์ บรรพ ๓, พระยามานวราชเสวี		** Title: บันทึกตรวจแก้ร่างประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์ บรรพ ๓, พระยามานวราชเสวี
	** Contents: <u>Reports of alterations in the Draft April 1924 No.1 to 41.</u>		** Contents: <u>Reports of alterations in the Draft April 1924, No.1 to 41.</u>
			*** “บันทึก ๑ – ๙” (P.89/1 — 42) and “บันทึก สำหรับมาตรา ๕๕๖ และ ๕๕๗ เพื่อขยายความในบันทึก ฉบับที่ ๙ ข้อ (๓)” (P.89/48 – 89/51) were written by พระยามานวราชเสวี;
			*** “บันทึก ๑๐ – ๑๕” (P.89/43 — 47, 89/52 — 75) were written by the 2nd person (probably หลวงสารสาสน์ประพันธ์);
			*** “บันทึก ๑๖ – ๔๑” (Page 89/76 – 238) were written by the 3rd person (probably นายประกอบ บุณยัษฐติ).

	<p align=center><font style="font-weight:bold; color:maroon;">―――〈★ ★ ★〉―――</font></p>		<p align="center" style="margin-top:40px;"><font style="font-weight:bold; color:maroon;">―――〈★ ★ ★〉―――</font></p>

Codesuser at 07:40, 13 October 2026

2026-10-13T07:40:35Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:40, 13 October 2026
Line 5:		Line 5:
	== '''A. Historical Background''' ==		== '''A. Historical Background''' ==

	<h3 style='~~line-height:150%;~~ background-color:lightcyan'>A-1. Before the Promulgation of the Book I and II on 11th Nov. 1923</h3>		<h3 style='background-color:lightcyan'>A-1. Before the Promulgation of the Book I and II on 11th Nov. 1923</h3>
	The initial concept of the Draft developed by the French commissioners covered the general principles of civil law, the general rules of obligations, and the part of specific contracts all together in a single volume.		The initial concept of the Draft developed by the French commissioners covered the general principles of civil law, the general rules of obligations, and the part of specific contracts all together in a single volume.

Line 14:		Line 14:
	In [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol035/Vol035_P231-242.pdf the memorandum of 19th December 1921] submitted by ''Mr. René Guyon'', he proposed the Books I and II to be promulgated soon, separately from the still unfinished Book III. Apparently, his proposal was approved, but shortly before the actual promulgation of the Books I and II, the Commission decided integrate the parts for "Capacity of Persons" and "Juristic Persons" into the Book I on General Principles (see the [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Centennial/docs/archives/Vol036_P075-077.pdf "Record of the Meeting of the Commission of Codification on 16th October 1922"]).		In [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol035/Vol035_P231-242.pdf the memorandum of 19th December 1921] submitted by ''Mr. René Guyon'', he proposed the Books I and II to be promulgated soon, separately from the still unfinished Book III. Apparently, his proposal was approved, but shortly before the actual promulgation of the Books I and II, the Commission decided integrate the parts for "Capacity of Persons" and "Juristic Persons" into the Book I on General Principles (see the [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Centennial/docs/archives/Vol036_P075-077.pdf "Record of the Meeting of the Commission of Codification on 16th October 1922"]).

	<h3 style='~~line-height:150%;~~ background-color:lightcyan'>A-2. Intervention of the British Government</h3>		<h3 style='background-color:lightcyan'>A-2. Intervention of the British Government</h3>
	In March 1923, ''Dr. James'', the British adviser to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, suddenly submitted to the Commission of Codification a long list of requests to correct and improve the English text of the Draft for Specific Contracts even though its revising work was still in process and the Draft was not publicly announced yet.		In March 1923, ''Dr. James'', the British adviser to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, suddenly submitted to the Commission of Codification a long list of requests to correct and improve the English text of the Draft for Specific Contracts even though its revising work was still in process and the Draft was not publicly announced yet.

Line 20:		Line 20:

	<div style="margin-left:40px; max-width:640px; background:FloralWhite">		<div style="margin-left:40px; max-width:640px; background:FloralWhite">
	<p style="margin-left:20px;margin-right:10px;">[...] เมื่อตกลงกันได้ กรรมการ ๔ คน ก็แปล เขียนทั่งภาษาอังกฤษและภาษาไทย เมื่อเสร็จบรรพ ๑, ๒, ๓ แล้ว ยังไม่ทันจะออกมาเลย สถานทูตอังกฤษทักทัวงเสียใหญ่โต ตอนนั้นฉันแม้เป็นนักเรียนอังกฤษก็ฉุนเหมือนกัน มันทักทัวงใหญ่โต จะ delay เรานี่น่ะ ว่ามาตรานั้นไม่ถูก มาตรานี้ไม่ถูก ทังๆ ที่ยังไม่ออกมาเลย มันก็รู้ มันจะรู้ได้ยังไง มันขโมยเอาไปน่ะซี เลยต้องเถียงกัน ฉันก็ว่า ไอมาตรานี้น่ะไม่สติปัญญาของฉันหรอก ฉันลอกเขามา [...] ฉันก็เลยว่าถ้าแม้นมาตรานี้ใช้ไม่ได้แล้ว กฎหมายของชาตินั้น เยอรมัน ญี่ปุ่น ก็คงใช้ไม่ได้ด้วย [...]		<p style="margin-left:20px;margin-right:10px;line-height:180%; ">[...] เมื่อตกลงกันได้ กรรมการ ๔ คน ก็แปล เขียนทั่งภาษาอังกฤษและภาษาไทย เมื่อเสร็จบรรพ ๑, ๒, ๓ แล้ว ยังไม่ทันจะออกมาเลย สถานทูตอังกฤษทักทัวงเสียใหญ่โต ตอนนั้นฉันแม้เป็นนักเรียนอังกฤษก็ฉุนเหมือนกัน มันทักทัวงใหญ่โต จะ delay เรานี่น่ะ ว่ามาตรานั้นไม่ถูก มาตรานี้ไม่ถูก ทังๆ ที่ยังไม่ออกมาเลย มันก็รู้ มันจะรู้ได้ยังไง มันขโมยเอาไปน่ะซี เลยต้องเถียงกัน ฉันก็ว่า ไอมาตรานี้น่ะไม่สติปัญญาของฉันหรอก ฉันลอกเขามา [...] ฉันก็เลยว่าถ้าแม้นมาตรานี้ใช้ไม่ได้แล้ว กฎหมายของชาตินั้น เยอรมัน ญี่ปุ่น ก็คงใช้ไม่ได้ด้วย [...]
	</p></div>		</p></div>
	<p align=right>[https://winyuchon.com/shop/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1/ "บันทึกคำสัมภาษณ์ พระยามานวราชเสวี"] (น.๗๗ - ๗๘)</p>		<p align=right>[https://winyuchon.com/shop/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1/ "บันทึกคำสัมภาษณ์ พระยามานวราชเสวี"] (น.๗๗ - ๗๘)</p>
Line 27:		Line 27:
	After a long consideration, the Commission of Codification concluded agreements with Dr. James in the period from August to October 1923 totally in 5 installments, which were reported as the "Collaboration of Dr. James" in the archive [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163433 Vol.41]. In regard to the limitation of the period of lease, the Commission decided to make a compromise and extended the longest period from 20 years to 99 years.		After a long consideration, the Commission of Codification concluded agreements with Dr. James in the period from August to October 1923 totally in 5 installments, which were reported as the "Collaboration of Dr. James" in the archive [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163433 Vol.41]. In regard to the limitation of the period of lease, the Commission decided to make a compromise and extended the longest period from 20 years to 99 years.

	<h3 style='~~line-height:150%;~~ background-color:lightcyan'>A-3. Foundation of the "Department of Legislative Reduction"</h3>		<h3 style='background-color:lightcyan'>A-3. Foundation of the "Department of Legislative Reduction"</h3>
	Soon after the settlement of the tension with the British Government, the Siamese Government founded the "Department of Legislative Reduction" (กรมร่างกฎหมาย)" on 27th October 1923, probably for the purpose to systematize the legislative procedure and to introduce a strict security measure. ''Phraya Manava Rachasevi'' was nominated for a commissioner of the Department. The first major tasks started for the Department after the promulgation of the Books I and II on 11th November 1923; namely tasks <u>''to compile a new Draft of the Book III on Specific Contracts''</u>, <u>''to print it in an ordinary book format''</u>, and <u>''to deliver its printed copy to the British Embassy''</u>.		Soon after the settlement of the tension with the British Government, the Siamese Government founded the "Department of Legislative Reduction" (กรมร่างกฎหมาย)" on 27th October 1923, probably for the purpose to systematize the legislative procedure and to introduce a strict security measure. ''Phraya Manava Rachasevi'' was nominated for a commissioner of the Department. The first major tasks started for the Department after the promulgation of the Books I and II on 11th November 1923; namely tasks <u>''to compile a new Draft of the Book III on Specific Contracts''</u>, <u>''to print it in an ordinary book format''</u>, and <u>''to deliver its printed copy to the British Embassy''</u>.


	== '''B. Sources for Reconstruction of the Draft April 1924''' ==		== '''B. Sources for Reconstruction of the Draft April 1924''' ==
	Unfortunately, the "Archives of the History of Thai Codification" do not include the printed copy of the Draft April 1924. Nevertheless, we could find <u>''a lot of fragments''</u> distributed among diverse archives, <u>''which contain or suggest the English text of the Draft.''</u> They are the sources for our reconstruction of the original English text of the Draft April 1924. They are distinguished roughly into the following 2 categories:		Unfortunately, the "Archives of the History of Thai Codification" do not include the printed copy of the Draft April 1924. Nevertheless, we could find <u>''a lot of fragments''</u> distributed among diverse archives, <u>''which contain or suggest the English text of the Draft.''</u> They are the sources for our reconstruction of the original English text of the Draft April 1924. They are distinguished roughly into the following two categories:

	<h3 style='~~line-height:150%;~~ background-color:honeydew'>B-1. Source Category I.: ~~Alteration records~~ in the Draft 1919 (1920 — March 1924)</h3>		<h3 style='background-color:honeydew'>B-1. Source Category I.: Records of Alterations in the Draft 1919 (1920 — March 1924)</h3>
	Sources under this category show the revising process of the Draft 1919, <u>''the goal of which was the final Draft April 1924''</u>.		Sources under this category show the revising process of the Draft 1919, <u>''the goal of which was the final Draft April 1924''</u>.
	* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163432 Archive Vol.40 (ID: 163432)]		* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163432 Archive Vol.40 (ID: 163432)]
Line 64:		Line 62:
	***V. Settlement of the work on March 1924 (at the time of departure of ''Mr. R. Guyon'').		***V. Settlement of the work on March 1924 (at the time of departure of ''Mr. R. Guyon'').

	<h3 style='background-color:honeydew'>B-2. Source Category II. ~~Alteration records~~ in the Draft April 1924 (March — December 1924)</h3>		<h3 style='background-color:honeydew'>B-2. Source Category II. Records of Alterations in the Draft April 1924 (March — December 1924)</h3>
	Sources under this category show the revising process of the Draft April 1924, <u>''the object of which was the Draft April 1924''</u>, and the goal of which was the final Draft December 1924.		Sources under this category show the revising process of the Draft April 1924, <u>''the object of which was the Draft April 1924''</u>, and the goal of which was the final Draft December 1924.

Line 75:		Line 73:
	*** (Vol.45) Titles on Suretyship, Mortgage, Pledge, Warehousing, Agency, Betting and Gambling, Bills.		*** (Vol.45) Titles on Suretyship, Mortgage, Pledge, Warehousing, Agency, Betting and Gambling, Bills.
	*** (Vol.46) Titles on Sale, Exchange, Gift, Hire of property, Hire purchase, Hire of services, Hire of work, Carriage, Loan, Deposit.		*** (Vol.46) Titles on Sale, Exchange, Gift, Hire of property, Hire purchase, Hire of services, Hire of work, Carriage, Loan, Deposit.
	* Archive Vol.86 (ID: )		* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163439 Archive Vol.47 (ID: 163439)]
			** Title: Promulgation of Book III (1925)
			** Contents:
			*** <u>I. Final Draft of Book III as typewritten in December 1924.</u>
			*** II. Documents concerning promulgation.
			*** III. Press-comments.
			* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163473 Archive Vol.86 (ID: 163473)]
			** Title: คำแปล ร่างประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์ บรรพ ๓
			** Contents: <u>Complete Thai translation of the Draft April 1924.</u>
			* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163474 Archive Vol.87 (ID: 163474)]
			** Title: Final Draft of the Civil and Commercial Code, Book III, Title XV. to XXI [XXIII].
			** Contents: Agency, Brokerage, Compromise, Gambling and Betting, Current Account, Insurance, Bills, Partnerships and Companies, Associations.
			* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163475 Archive Vol.88 (ID: 163475)]
			** Title: Draft Civil and Commercial Code, Book III.
			** Contents: <u>Final Draft of Civil and Commercial Code, Book III</u> [identical with the "Draft December 1924" in Vol.47].
			* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163476 Archive Vol.89 (ID: 163476)]
			** Title: บันทึกตรวจแก้ร่างประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์ บรรพ ๓, พระยามานวราชเสวี
			** Contents: <u>Reports of alterations in the Draft April 1924 No.1 to 41.</u>

			<p align=center><font style="font-weight:bold; color:maroon;">―――〈★ ★ ★〉―――</font></p>

Codesuser: /* B. Sources for Reconstruction of the Draft April 1924 */

2026-10-13T04:58:57Z

B. Sources for Reconstruction of the Draft April 1924

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:58, 13 October 2026
Line 64:		Line 64:
	***V. Settlement of the work on March 1924 (at the time of departure of ''Mr. R. Guyon'').		***V. Settlement of the work on March 1924 (at the time of departure of ''Mr. R. Guyon'').

	<h3 style='~~line-height:150%;~~ background-color:honeydew'>B-2. Source Category II. Alteration records in the Draft April 1924 (March — December 1924)</h3>		<h3 style='background-color:honeydew'>B-2. Source Category II. Alteration records in the Draft April 1924 (March — December 1924)</h3>
	Sources under this category show the revising process of the Draft April 1924, <u>''the object of which was the Draft April 1924''</u>, and the goal of which was the final Draft December 1924.		Sources under this category show the revising process of the Draft April 1924, <u>''the object of which was the Draft April 1924''</u>, and the goal of which was the final Draft December 1924.

Codesuser: /* A. Historical Background */

2026-10-13T04:57:43Z

A. Historical Background

Codesuser at 14:05, 12 October 2026

2026-10-12T14:05:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:05, 12 October 2026
Line 3:		Line 3:
	'''[[1924th_Main_Page\|← Previous Page]]''' \| '''[[1924th_Book3_Title01_Chapter01_Part01\|Next Page →]]'''		'''[[1924th_Main_Page\|← Previous Page]]''' \| '''[[1924th_Book3_Title01_Chapter01_Part01\|Next Page →]]'''

	== A. Historical Background ==		== '''A. Historical Background''' ==

	==== A-1. Before the Promulgation of the Book I and II on 11th Nov. 1923 ====		=== A-1. Before the Promulgation of the Book I and II on 11th Nov. 1923 ===
	The initial concept of the Draft developed by the French commissioners covered the general principles of civil law, the general rules of obligations, and the part of specific contracts all together in a single volume.		The initial concept of the Draft developed by the French commissioners covered the general principles of civil law, the general rules of obligations, and the part of specific contracts all together in a single volume.

Line 14:		Line 14:
	In [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol035/Vol035_P231-242.pdf the memorandum of 19th December 1921] submitted by ''Mr. René Guyon'', he proposed the Books I and II to be promulgated soon, separately from the still unfinished Book III. Apparently, his proposal was approved, but shortly before the actual promulgation of the Books I and II, the Commission decided integrate the parts for "Capacity of Persons" and "Juristic Persons" into the Book I on General Principles (see the [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Centennial/docs/archives/Vol036_P075-077.pdf "Record of the Meeting of the Commission of Codification on 16th October 1922"]).		In [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol035/Vol035_P231-242.pdf the memorandum of 19th December 1921] submitted by ''Mr. René Guyon'', he proposed the Books I and II to be promulgated soon, separately from the still unfinished Book III. Apparently, his proposal was approved, but shortly before the actual promulgation of the Books I and II, the Commission decided integrate the parts for "Capacity of Persons" and "Juristic Persons" into the Book I on General Principles (see the [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Centennial/docs/archives/Vol036_P075-077.pdf "Record of the Meeting of the Commission of Codification on 16th October 1922"]).

	==== A-2. Intervention of the British Government ====		=== A-2. Intervention of the British Government ===
	In March 1923, ''Dr. James'', the British adviser to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, suddenly submitted to the Commission of Codification a long list of requests to correct and improve the English text of the Draft for Specific Contracts even though its revising work was still in process and the Draft was not publicly announced yet.		In March 1923, ''Dr. James'', the British adviser to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, suddenly submitted to the Commission of Codification a long list of requests to correct and improve the English text of the Draft for Specific Contracts even though its revising work was still in process and the Draft was not publicly announced yet.

Line 27:		Line 27:
	After a long consideration, the Commission of Codification concluded agreements with Dr. James in the period from August to October 1923 totally in 5 installments, which were reported as the "Collaboration of Dr. James" in the archive [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163433 Vol.41]. In regard to the limitation of the period of lease, the Commission decided to make a compromise and extended the longest period from 20 years to 99 years.		After a long consideration, the Commission of Codification concluded agreements with Dr. James in the period from August to October 1923 totally in 5 installments, which were reported as the "Collaboration of Dr. James" in the archive [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163433 Vol.41]. In regard to the limitation of the period of lease, the Commission decided to make a compromise and extended the longest period from 20 years to 99 years.

	==== A-3. Foundation of the "Department of Legislative Reduction" ====		=== A-3. Foundation of the "Department of Legislative Reduction" ===
	Soon after the settlement of the tension with the British Government, the Siamese Government founded the "Department of Legislative Reduction" (กรมร่างกฎหมาย)" on 27th October 1923, probably for the purpose to systematize the legislative procedure and to introduce a strict security measure. ''Phraya Manava Rachasevi'' was nominated for a commissioner of the Department. The first major tasks started for the Department after the promulgation of the Books I and II on 11th November 1923; namely tasks to compile a new Draft of the Book III on Specific Contracts, to print it in an ordinary book format, and to deliver its printed copy to the British Embassy.		Soon after the settlement of the tension with the British Government, the Siamese Government founded the "Department of Legislative Reduction" (กรมร่างกฎหมาย)" on 27th October 1923, probably for the purpose to systematize the legislative procedure and to introduce a strict security measure. ''Phraya Manava Rachasevi'' was nominated for a commissioner of the Department. The first major tasks started for the Department after the promulgation of the Books I and II on 11th November 1923; namely tasks <u>''to compile a new Draft of the Book III on Specific Contracts''</u>, <u>''to print it in an ordinary book format''</u>, and <u>''to deliver its printed copy to the British Embassy''</u>.

	=== B. Sources for Reconstruction of the Draft April 1924 ===		== '''B. Sources for Reconstruction of the Draft April 1924''' ==
	Unfortunately, the "Archives of the History of Thai Codification" do not include the printed copy of the Draft April 1924. Nevertheless, we could find a lot of fragments of the English text of the Draft ~~distributed among diverse archives~~. They are the sources for our reconstruction of the original English text of the Draft April 1924~~, which~~ are distinguished into the following 4 categories:		Unfortunately, the "Archives of the History of Thai Codification" do not include the printed copy of the Draft April 1924. Nevertheless, we could find <u>''a lot of fragments''</u> distributed among diverse archives, <u>''which contain or suggest the English text of the Draft.''</u> They are the sources for our reconstruction of the original English text of the Draft April 1924. They are distinguished roughly into the following 2 categories:

	~~==== B-1. Sources Category I.: Alteration records in the Draft 1919 (1920 — 1924) ====~~

			=== B-1. Source Category I.: Alteration records in the Draft 1919 (1920 — March 1924) ===
			Sources under this category show the revising process of the Draft 1919, <u>''the goal of which was the final Draft April 1924''</u>.
	* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163432 Archive Vol.40 (ID: 163432)]		* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163432 Archive Vol.40 (ID: 163432)]
	** Title: Internal Work of the Commission of Codification for Book III (1920 — 1924).		** Title: Internal Work of the Commission of Codification for Book III (1920 — 1924).
Line 53:		Line 53:
	*** II. Exchange of views with the Land Records Department (March — August 1923).		*** II. Exchange of views with the Land Records Department (March — August 1923).
	*** III. Exchange of views with the Department of Posts and the Ministry of Interior on the question of Protests (March).		*** III. Exchange of views with the Department of Posts and the Ministry of Interior on the question of Protests (March).
	* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163434 Archive Vol.42 (ID: 163434)] and ~~<br>~~[https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163435 Archive Vol.43 (ID: 163435)]		* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163434 Archive Vol.42 (ID: 163434)] and
			* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163435 Archive Vol.43 (ID: 163435)]
	** Title: Alterations in Book III (Draft 1919) under direction of the High Revising Committee (1923 — March 1924)		** Title: Alterations in Book III (Draft 1919) under direction of the High Revising Committee (1923 — March 1924)
	** Contents:		** Contents:
Line 60:		Line 61:
	***<u>III. Revision and Re-Arrangement of the Title on Insurance.</u>		***<u>III. Revision and Re-Arrangement of the Title on Insurance.</u>
	***<u>IV. Re-Arrangement of the Title on Bills of Exchange.</u>		***<u>IV. Re-Arrangement of the Title on Bills of Exchange.</u>
	***V. Settlement of the work on March 1924 (at the time of departure of Mr. R. Guyon).		***V. Settlement of the work on March 1924 (at the time of departure of ''Mr. R. Guyon'').

			=== B-2. Source Category II. Alteration records in the Draft April 1924 (March — December 1924) ===
			Sources under this category show the revising process of the Draft April 1924, <u>''the object of which was the Draft April 1924''</u>, and the goal of which was the final Draft December 1924.

			* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163436 Archive Vol.44 (ID: 163436)] and
			* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163437 Archive Vol.45 (ID: 163467)] and
			* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163438 Archive Vol.46 (ID: 163438)]
			** Title: Work of the Department of Legislative Reduction during the absence of Mr. R. Guyon (March to December 1924) for Book III.
			** Contents:
			*** (Vol.44) Titles on Bill of Exchange, Promissory notes, Cheque, Compromise, Association, Partnerships and companies.
			*** (Vol.45) Titles on Suretyship, Mortgage, Pledge, Warehousing, Agency, Betting and Gambling, Bills.
			*** (Vol.46) Titles on Sale, Exchange, Gift, Hire of property, Hire purchase, Hire of services, Hire of work, Carriage, Loan, Deposit.
			* Archive Vol.86 (ID: )

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:44, 17 October 2026
Line 38:		Line 38:
	** Contents:		** Contents:
	*** I. Notes and questions which did not entail alterations in the Draft 1919 (Secs. 435 — 1231).		*** I. Notes and questions which did not entail alterations in the Draft 1919 (Secs. 435 — 1231).
	*** <u>II. Notes and questions which did entail alterations in the Draft 1919 (Secs. 389 — 1464).</u>		*** <u>'''II. Notes and questions which did entail alterations in the Draft 1919 (Secs. 389 — 1464).'''</u>
	*** <u>III. Questions examined by the Siamese-French Committee on July — August 1923.</u>		*** <u>'''III. Questions examined by the Siamese-French Committee on July — August 1923.'''</u>
	*** IV. Examination of the questions concerning Civil — Partnerships.		*** IV. Examination of the questions concerning Civil — Partnerships.
	* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163433 Archive Vol.41 (ID:163433)]		* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163433 Archive Vol.41 (ID:163433)]
	** Title: Work of the Commission with other Departments for Book III (1923 — 1924)		** Title: Work of the Commission with other Departments for Book III (1923 — 1924)
	** Contents:		** Contents:
	*** <u>I. Collaboration of Dr. James, Adviser to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.</u> Especially;		*** '''<u>I. Collaboration of Dr. James, Adviser to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.</u> Especially;'''
	**** Agreement in August 1923, [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol041/Vol041_P063-071.pdf 1st installment (Secs. 388 — 490)]		**** Agreement in August 1923, [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol041/Vol041_P063-071.pdf 1st installment (Secs. 388 — 490)] or [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol041/Installment-1_OCR.pdf <nowiki>[OCR-scanned file]</nowiki>]
	**** Agreement in August 1923, [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol041/Vol041_P072-097.pdf 2nd installment (Secs. 491 — 765)]		**** Agreement in August 1923, [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol041/Vol041_P072-097.pdf 2nd installment (Secs. 491 — 765)] or [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol041/Installment-2_OCR.pdf <nowiki>[OCR-scanned file]</nowiki>]
	**** Agreement in August 1923, [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol041/Vol041_P098-108.pdf 3rd installment (Secs. 766 — 890)]		**** Agreement in August 1923, [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol041/Vol041_P098-108.pdf 3rd installment (Secs. 766 — 890)] or [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol041/Installment-3_OCR.pdf <nowiki>[OCR-scanned file]</nowiki>]
	**** Agreement in September 1923, [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol041/Vol041_P109-118.pdf 4th installment (Secs. 391 — 1128)]		**** Agreement in September 1923, [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol041/Vol041_P109-118.pdf 4th installment (Secs. 391 — 1128)] or [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol041/Installment-4_OCR.pdf <nowiki>[OCR-scanned file]</nowiki>]
	**** Agreement in October 1923, [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol041/Vol041_P119-134.pdf 5th installment (Secs. 1129 — 1464)]		**** Agreement in October 1923, [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol041/Vol041_P119-134.pdf 5th installment (Secs. 1129 — 1464)] or [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol041/Installment-5_OCR.pdf <nowiki>[OCR-scanned file]</nowiki>]
	*** II. Exchange of views with the Land Records Department (March — August 1923).		*** II. Exchange of views with the Land Records Department (March — August 1923).
	*** III. Exchange of views with the Department of Posts and the Ministry of Interior on the question of Protests (March).		*** III. Exchange of views with the Department of Posts and the Ministry of Interior on the question of Protests (March).
Line 56:		Line 56:
	** Title: Alterations in Book III (Draft 1919) under direction of the High Revising Committee (1923 — March 1924)		** Title: Alterations in Book III (Draft 1919) under direction of the High Revising Committee (1923 — March 1924)
	** Contents:		** Contents:
	***<u>I. Questions examined under the direction of, or modified by, the High Revising Committee. (Secs. 391 — 1131).</u>		***<u>'''I. Questions examined under the direction of, or modified by, the High Revising Committee. (Secs. 391 — 1131).'''</u>
	***<u>II. Question of Hire-Purchase and drafting.</u>		***<u>'''II. Question of Hire-Purchase and drafting.'''</u>
	***<u>III. Revision and Re-Arrangement of the Title on Insurance.</u>		***<u>'''III. Revision and Re-Arrangement of the Title on Insurance.'''</u>
	***<u>IV. Re-Arrangement of the Title on Bills of Exchange.</u>		***<u>'''IV. Re-Arrangement of the Title on Bills of Exchange.'''</u>
	***V. Settlement of the work on March 1924 (at the time of departure of ''Mr. R. Guyon'').		***V. Settlement of the work on March 1924 (at the time of departure of ''Mr. R. Guyon'').

Line 76:		Line 76:
	** Title: Promulgation of Book III (1925)		** Title: Promulgation of Book III (1925)
	** Contents:		** Contents:
	*** <u>I. Final Draft of Book III as typewritten in December 1924.</u>		*** <u>'''I. Final Draft of Book III as typewritten in December 1924.'''</u>
	*** II. Documents concerning promulgation.		*** II. Documents concerning promulgation.
	*** III. Press-comments.		*** III. Press-comments.
	* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163473 Archive Vol.86 (ID: 163473)]		* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163473 Archive Vol.86 (ID: 163473)]
	** Title: คำแปล ร่างประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์ บรรพ ๓		** Title: คำแปล ร่างประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์ บรรพ ๓
	** Contents: <u>Complete Thai translation of the Draft April 1924.</u>		** Contents: <u>'''Complete Thai translation of the Draft April 1924.'''</u>
	* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163474 Archive Vol.87 (ID: 163474)]		* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163474 Archive Vol.87 (ID: 163474)]
	** Title: Final Draft of the Civil and Commercial Code, Book III, Title XV. to XXI [XXIII].		** Title: Final Draft of the Civil and Commercial Code, Book III, Title XV. to XXI [XXIII].
Line 87:		Line 87:
	* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163475 Archive Vol.88 (ID: 163475)]		* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163475 Archive Vol.88 (ID: 163475)]
	** Title: Draft Civil and Commercial Code, Book III.		** Title: Draft Civil and Commercial Code, Book III.
	** Contents: <u>Final Draft of Civil and Commercial Code, Book III</u> [identical with the "Draft December 1924" in Vol.47].		** Contents: <u>'''Final Draft of Civil and Commercial Code, Book III'''</u> [identical with the "Draft December 1924" in Vol.47].
	* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163476 Archive Vol.89 (ID: 163476)]		* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163476 Archive Vol.89 (ID: 163476)]
	** Title: บันทึกตรวจแก้ร่างประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์ บรรพ ๓, พระยามานวราชเสวี		** Title: บันทึกตรวจแก้ร่างประมวลกฎหมายแพ่งและพาณิชย์ บรรพ ๓, พระยามานวราชเสวี
	** Contents: <u>Reports of alterations in the Draft April 1924, No.1 to 41.</u>		** Contents: <u>'''Reports of alterations in the Draft April 1924, No.1 to 41.'''</u>
	*** “บันทึก ๑ – ๙” (P.89/1 — 42) and “บันทึก สำหรับมาตรา ๕๕๖ และ ๕๕๗ เพื่อขยายความในบันทึก ฉบับที่ ๙ ข้อ (๓)” (P.89/48 – 89/51) were written by พระยามานวราชเสวี;		*** “บันทึก ๑ – ๙” (P.89/1 — 42) and “บันทึก สำหรับมาตรา ๕๕๖ และ ๕๕๗ เพื่อขยายความในบันทึก ฉบับที่ ๙ ข้อ (๓)” (P.89/48 – 89/51) were written by พระยามานวราชเสวี;
	*** “บันทึก ๑๐ – ๑๕” (P.89/43 — 47, 89/52 — 75) were written by the 2nd person (probably หลวงสารสาสน์ประพันธ์);		*** “บันทึก ๑๐ – ๑๕” (P.89/43 — 47, 89/52 — 75) were written by the 2nd person (probably หลวงสารสาสน์ประพันธ์);

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:57, 13 October 2026
Line 5:		Line 5:
	== '''A. Historical Background''' ==		== '''A. Historical Background''' ==

	=== A-1. Before the Promulgation of the Book I and II on 11th Nov. 1923 ~~===~~		<h3 style='line-height:150%; background-color:lightcyan'>A-1. Before the Promulgation of the Book I and II on 11th Nov. 1923</h3>
	The initial concept of the Draft developed by the French commissioners covered the general principles of civil law, the general rules of obligations, and the part of specific contracts all together in a single volume.		The initial concept of the Draft developed by the French commissioners covered the general principles of civil law, the general rules of obligations, and the part of specific contracts all together in a single volume.

Line 14:		Line 14:
	In [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol035/Vol035_P231-242.pdf the memorandum of 19th December 1921] submitted by ''Mr. René Guyon'', he proposed the Books I and II to be promulgated soon, separately from the still unfinished Book III. Apparently, his proposal was approved, but shortly before the actual promulgation of the Books I and II, the Commission decided integrate the parts for "Capacity of Persons" and "Juristic Persons" into the Book I on General Principles (see the [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Centennial/docs/archives/Vol036_P075-077.pdf "Record of the Meeting of the Commission of Codification on 16th October 1922"]).		In [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol035/Vol035_P231-242.pdf the memorandum of 19th December 1921] submitted by ''Mr. René Guyon'', he proposed the Books I and II to be promulgated soon, separately from the still unfinished Book III. Apparently, his proposal was approved, but shortly before the actual promulgation of the Books I and II, the Commission decided integrate the parts for "Capacity of Persons" and "Juristic Persons" into the Book I on General Principles (see the [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Centennial/docs/archives/Vol036_P075-077.pdf "Record of the Meeting of the Commission of Codification on 16th October 1922"]).

	=== A-2. Intervention of the British Government ~~===~~		<h3 style='line-height:150%; background-color:lightcyan'>A-2. Intervention of the British Government</h3>
	In March 1923, ''Dr. James'', the British adviser to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, suddenly submitted to the Commission of Codification a long list of requests to correct and improve the English text of the Draft for Specific Contracts even though its revising work was still in process and the Draft was not publicly announced yet.		In March 1923, ''Dr. James'', the British adviser to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, suddenly submitted to the Commission of Codification a long list of requests to correct and improve the English text of the Draft for Specific Contracts even though its revising work was still in process and the Draft was not publicly announced yet.

Line 27:		Line 27:
	After a long consideration, the Commission of Codification concluded agreements with Dr. James in the period from August to October 1923 totally in 5 installments, which were reported as the "Collaboration of Dr. James" in the archive [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163433 Vol.41]. In regard to the limitation of the period of lease, the Commission decided to make a compromise and extended the longest period from 20 years to 99 years.		After a long consideration, the Commission of Codification concluded agreements with Dr. James in the period from August to October 1923 totally in 5 installments, which were reported as the "Collaboration of Dr. James" in the archive [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163433 Vol.41]. In regard to the limitation of the period of lease, the Commission decided to make a compromise and extended the longest period from 20 years to 99 years.

	=== A-3. Foundation of the "Department of Legislative Reduction" ~~===~~		<h3 style='line-height:150%; background-color:lightcyan'>A-3. Foundation of the "Department of Legislative Reduction"</h3>
	Soon after the settlement of the tension with the British Government, the Siamese Government founded the "Department of Legislative Reduction" (กรมร่างกฎหมาย)" on 27th October 1923, probably for the purpose to systematize the legislative procedure and to introduce a strict security measure. ''Phraya Manava Rachasevi'' was nominated for a commissioner of the Department. The first major tasks started for the Department after the promulgation of the Books I and II on 11th November 1923; namely tasks <u>''to compile a new Draft of the Book III on Specific Contracts''</u>, <u>''to print it in an ordinary book format''</u>, and <u>''to deliver its printed copy to the British Embassy''</u>.		Soon after the settlement of the tension with the British Government, the Siamese Government founded the "Department of Legislative Reduction" (กรมร่างกฎหมาย)" on 27th October 1923, probably for the purpose to systematize the legislative procedure and to introduce a strict security measure. ''Phraya Manava Rachasevi'' was nominated for a commissioner of the Department. The first major tasks started for the Department after the promulgation of the Books I and II on 11th November 1923; namely tasks <u>''to compile a new Draft of the Book III on Specific Contracts''</u>, <u>''to print it in an ordinary book format''</u>, and <u>''to deliver its printed copy to the British Embassy''</u>.


	== '''B. Sources for Reconstruction of the Draft April 1924''' ==		== '''B. Sources for Reconstruction of the Draft April 1924''' ==
	Unfortunately, the "Archives of the History of Thai Codification" do not include the printed copy of the Draft April 1924. Nevertheless, we could find <u>''a lot of fragments''</u> distributed among diverse archives, <u>''which contain or suggest the English text of the Draft.''</u> They are the sources for our reconstruction of the original English text of the Draft April 1924. They are distinguished roughly into the following 2 categories:		Unfortunately, the "Archives of the History of Thai Codification" do not include the printed copy of the Draft April 1924. Nevertheless, we could find <u>''a lot of fragments''</u> distributed among diverse archives, <u>''which contain or suggest the English text of the Draft.''</u> They are the sources for our reconstruction of the original English text of the Draft April 1924. They are distinguished roughly into the following 2 categories:

	=== B-1. Source Category I.: Alteration records in the Draft 1919 (1920 — March 1924) ~~===~~		<h3 style='line-height:150%; background-color:honeydew'>B-1. Source Category I.: Alteration records in the Draft 1919 (1920 — March 1924)</h3>
	Sources under this category show the revising process of the Draft 1919, <u>''the goal of which was the final Draft April 1924''</u>.		Sources under this category show the revising process of the Draft 1919, <u>''the goal of which was the final Draft April 1924''</u>.
	* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163432 Archive Vol.40 (ID: 163432)]		* [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163432 Archive Vol.40 (ID: 163432)]
Line 63:		Line 64:
	***V. Settlement of the work on March 1924 (at the time of departure of ''Mr. R. Guyon'').		***V. Settlement of the work on March 1924 (at the time of departure of ''Mr. R. Guyon'').

	=== B-2. Source Category II. Alteration records in the Draft April 1924 (March — December 1924) ~~===~~		<h3 style='line-height:150%; background-color:honeydew'>B-2. Source Category II. Alteration records in the Draft April 1924 (March — December 1924)</h3>
	Sources under this category show the revising process of the Draft April 1924, <u>''the object of which was the Draft April 1924''</u>, and the goal of which was the final Draft December 1924.		Sources under this category show the revising process of the Draft April 1924, <u>''the object of which was the Draft April 1924''</u>, and the goal of which was the final Draft December 1924.