2468th Sec 0138
From Thai Codification Codes of 1925
มาตรา 138
- โมฆียะกรรม เมื่อบอกล้างแล้ว ท่านให้ถือว่าเป็นโมฆะมาแต่เริ่มแรก
- ถ้าบุคคลใดได้รู้หรือควรจะได้รู้ว่าการใดเป็นโมฆียะ เมื่อบอกล้างแล้ว ท่านให้ถือว่าบุคคลนั้นได้รู้ว่าการนั้นไม่สมบูรณ์
- ในการนี้ให้ผู้เป็นคู่กรณีได้กลับคืนยังฐานะเดิม และถ้าเป็นพ้นวิสัยจะให้กลับคืนเช่นนั้นได้ ก็ให้ได้รับค่าเสียหายชดใช้ให้แทน
Section 138. (Draft in English from Vol.79)
- [I] When a voidable act is avoided, it is deemed to have been void from the beginning.
- [II] If a person knew or ought to have known of the voidability, he is deemed, if the act is avoided, to have known that the act was invalid.
- [III] The parties shall be restored to the condition in which they were previously, and if it is not possible to so restore them, they shall be indemnified with an equivalent.
《References》
☆ quoted from “INDEX” with supplementary entries in […]: Images in Archives
- Old Text (1923): [114]
- New Text (1992): 176
- Jp. Code (1896,98): 121
- Gr. Code (1896): [ 122], * 142 par.2 [=142]
- Miscellaneous: Br.158
《Comments》
This section would be a compound provision from two different models as follows:
- [Primary model] German Civil Code (1896), Sec.142:
- [I] If a voidable juristic act is avoided it is deemed to have been void ab initio.
- [II] If a person knew or ought to have known of the voidability, he is deemed, if the act is avoided, to have known that the juristic act was void.
- [Secondary model] Civil Code of Brazil (1916), Art.158:
- When an act is annulled the parties shall be restored to the condition in which they were previously; and if it is not possible to so restore them, they shall be indemnified with an equivalent.
