https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/2468_th_zhgb/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Sec_0451
Sec 0451 - Revision history
2026-05-01T15:56:25Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
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https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/2468_th_zhgb/index.php?title=Sec_0451&diff=2137&oldid=prev
Codesuser at 14:19, 23 July 2025
2025-07-23T14:19:52Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 14:19, 23 July 2025</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*** [I] การยึดยื้อเอาโดยลำพังตนฉะนี้ ท่านว่าจะต้องจำกัดครัดเคร่งแต่เฉภาะที่จำเป็นเพื่อจะบำบัดปัดป้องภัยอันนั้น</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*** [I] การยึดยื้อเอาโดยลำพังตนฉะนี้ ท่านว่าจะต้องจำกัดครัดเคร่งแต่เฉภาะที่จำเป็นเพื่อจะบำบัดปัดป้องภัยอันนั้น</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*** [II] ถ้าบุคคลใดยึดยื้อเอาโดยลำพังตน เพราะหลงสันนิษฐานพลาดไปว่ามีฐานะควรทำได้ลำพังฉะนั้นไซร้ ท่านว่าผู้นั้นจะต้องใช้ค่าสินไหมทดแทนให้บุคคลผู้อื่น</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*** [II] ถ้าบุคคลใดยึดยื้อเอาโดยลำพังตน เพราะหลงสันนิษฐานพลาดไปว่ามีฐานะควรทำได้ลำพังฉะนั้นไซร้ ท่านว่าผู้นั้นจะต้องใช้ค่าสินไหมทดแทนให้บุคคลผู้อื่น</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">** [Presumed Origin] These provisions are probably based on:</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">*** German Civil Code (1896), Secs.229, 230, and 231;</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">**** Sec.229;</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">***** If a person, for the purpose of self-help, destroys or injures a thing, or for the purpose of self-help apprehends an obligor who is suspected of intending flight or overcomes the resistance of the obligee to an act which the latter is bound to permit, he does not act unlawfully if the help of a magistrate is not obtainable in a reasonable time, and there is danger that if he does not act immediately the realisation of the claim will be frustrated or seriously impeded.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">**** Sec.230;</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">***** [I] Self-help must not be carried further than is necessary to avert the danger.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">***** [II] In case of the seizure of things, unless compulsory execution is effected, leave to distrain shall be applied for.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">***** [III] In case of the apprehension of the obligor, unless he is again set at liberty, leave for the precautionary detention of his person shall be applied for to the District Court in whose district the apprehension took place; the obligor shall be brought before the Court without delay.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">***** [IV] If the application to the Court is delayed or rejected, the restitution of the things seized and the liberation of the person apprehended shall take place without delay.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">**** Sec.321;</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">***** If any person does one of the acts specified in 229 under the erroneous assumption that the necessary conditions exist to render his act lawful, he is liable to compensate the other party, even if the error was not due to negligence.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The other miscellaneous source is as follows:</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The other miscellaneous source is as follows:</div></td></tr>
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Codesuser
https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/2468_th_zhgb/index.php?title=Sec_0451&diff=2136&oldid=prev
Codesuser at 13:54, 23 July 2025
2025-07-23T13:54:30Z
<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:54, 23 July 2025</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* Old Text (1923), Secs.194 and 195;</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* Old Text (1923), Secs.194 and 195;</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>** Sec.194;</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>** Sec.194;</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">*** ในการเพื่อยึดยื้อเอาโดยลำพังตนนั้น บุคคลจะทำลายทรัพย์ก็ดี จะทำให้ทรัพย์บุบลายก็ดี ฤๅเข้าถือเอาทรัพย์อันหนึ่งอันใดก็ดี ท่านว่าจะทำได้แต่โดยละม่อม และทำได้ต่อเมื่อจะขอให้ศาลฤๅเจ้าหน้าที่ช่วยไม่ได้ทันท่วงที และเห็นว่าถ้ามิได้ทำในทันใด ภัยมีอยู่ด้วยการที่จะได้สมดังสิทธิที่อ้างนั้นจะต้องประวิงไปมากฤๅถึงแก่สาบสูญไปได้ บุคคลทำพร้อมด้วยองค์ดังกล่าวมานี้ หาเป็นทำละเมิดมิได้</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>** Sec.195;</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>** Sec.195;</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">*** [I] การยึดยื้อเอาโดยลำพังตนฉะนี้ ท่านว่าจะต้องจำกัดครัดเคร่งแต่เฉภาะที่จำเป็นเพื่อจะบำบัดปัดป้องภัยอันนั้น</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">*** [II] ถ้าบุคคลใดยึดยื้อเอาโดยลำพังตน เพราะหลงสันนิษฐานพลาดไปว่ามีฐานะควรทำได้ลำพังฉะนั้นไซร้ ท่านว่าผู้นั้นจะต้องใช้ค่าสินไหมทดแทนให้บุคคลผู้อื่น</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The other miscellaneous source is as follows:</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [https://www.google.co.th/books/edition/Das_schweizerische_obligationenrecht_vom/x5j5QiB-QDAC?hl=en&gbpv=0 Schweizerisches Obligationenrecht (1911)], Art.52;</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">** [I] Wer in berechtigter Notwehr einen Angriff abwehrt, hat den Schaden, den er dabei dem Angreifer in seiner Person oder in seinem Vermögen zufügt, nicht zu ersetzen.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">** [II] Wer in fremdes Vermögen eingreift, um drohenden Schaden oder Gefahr von sich oder einem Andern abzuwenden, hat nach Ermessen des Richters Schadenersatz zu leisten.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">** [III] Wer zum Zwecke der Sicherung eines berechtigten Anspruches sich selbst Schutz verschafft, ist dann nicht ersatzpflichtig, wenn nach den gegebenen Umständen amtliche Hülfe nicht rechtzeitig erlangt und nur durch Selbsthülfe eine Vereitelung des Anspruches oder eine wesentliche Erschwerung seiner Geltendmachung verhindert werden konnte.</ins></div></td></tr>
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Codesuser
https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/2468_th_zhgb/index.php?title=Sec_0451&diff=2135&oldid=prev
Codesuser at 12:15, 23 July 2025
2025-07-23T12:15:52Z
<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:15, 23 July 2025</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* การใช้กำลังดั่งกล่าวมาใยวรรคก่อนนั้น ท่านว่าต้องจำกัดครัดเคร่งแต่เฉพาะที่จำเป็นเพื่อจะบำบัดปัดป้องภยันตรายเท่านั้น</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* การใช้กำลังดั่งกล่าวมาใยวรรคก่อนนั้น ท่านว่าต้องจำกัดครัดเคร่งแต่เฉพาะที่จำเป็นเพื่อจะบำบัดปัดป้องภยันตรายเท่านั้น</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* ถ้าบุคคลผู้ใดกระทำการดั่งกล่าวมาในวรรคต้น เพราะหลงสันนิษฐานพลาดไปว่ามีเหตุอันจำเป็นที่จะทำได้โดยชอบด้วยกฎหมายไซร้ ท่านว่าผู้นั้นจะต้องรับผิดใช้ค่าสินไหมทดแทนให้แก่บุคคลอื่น แม้ทั้งการที่หลงพลาดไปนั้นจะมิใช่เป็นเพราะความประมาทเลินเล่อของตน</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* ถ้าบุคคลผู้ใดกระทำการดั่งกล่าวมาในวรรคต้น เพราะหลงสันนิษฐานพลาดไปว่ามีเหตุอันจำเป็นที่จะทำได้โดยชอบด้วยกฎหมายไซร้ ท่านว่าผู้นั้นจะต้องรับผิดใช้ค่าสินไหมทดแทนให้แก่บุคคลอื่น แม้ทั้งการที่หลงพลาดไปนั้นจะมิใช่เป็นเพราะความประมาทเลินเล่อของตน</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''Section 451.''' (Draft in English from [https://digital.library.tu.ac.th/tu_dc/frontend/Info/item/dc:163466 Vol.79])</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [I] A person who uses force for protecting his right is not liable to make compensation if under the circumstances the help of the Court or of the proper authorities is not obtainable in due time and there is danger that, if he does not act immediately, the realization of his right will be frustrated or seriously impeded.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [II] The using of force according to the foregoing paragraph must be strictly limited to that which is necessary for adverting the danger.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* [III] If any person does the act specified in the first paragraph under the erroneous assumption that the necessary conditions exist to render his act lawful, he is liable to make compensation to the other person, even if the error was not due to his negligence.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====== '''《References》''' ======</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====== '''《References》''' ======</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l13">Line 13:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 17:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====== '''《Comments》''' ======</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>====== '''《Comments》''' ======</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><u>The most plausible model</u> for this section would be:</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* Old Text (1923), Secs.194 and 195;</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">** Sec.194;</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">** Sec.195;</ins></div></td></tr>
</table>
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https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/2468_th_zhgb/index.php?title=Sec_0451&diff=987&oldid=prev
Main>Codesuser: 1 revision imported
2024-11-06T02:56:29Z
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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>====== '''มาตรา 451''' ======<br />
* บุคคลใช้กำลังเพื่อป้องกันสิทธิของตน ถ้าตามพฤติการณ์จะขอให้ศาลหรือเจ้าหน้าที่ช่วยเหลือให้ทันท่วงทีไม่ได้ และถ้ามิได้ทำในทันใด มีภัยอยู่ด้วยการที่ตนจะได้สมดั่งสิทธินั้นจะต้องประวิงไปมากหรือถึงแก่สาบสูญได้ไซร้ ท่านว่าบุคคลนั้นหาต้องรับผิดใช้ค่าสินไหมทดแทนไม่<br />
* การใช้กำลังดั่งกล่าวมาใยวรรคก่อนนั้น ท่านว่าต้องจำกัดครัดเคร่งแต่เฉพาะที่จำเป็นเพื่อจะบำบัดปัดป้องภยันตรายเท่านั้น<br />
* ถ้าบุคคลผู้ใดกระทำการดั่งกล่าวมาในวรรคต้น เพราะหลงสันนิษฐานพลาดไปว่ามีเหตุอันจำเป็นที่จะทำได้โดยชอบด้วยกฎหมายไซร้ ท่านว่าผู้นั้นจะต้องรับผิดใช้ค่าสินไหมทดแทนให้แก่บุคคลอื่น แม้ทั้งการที่หลงพลาดไปนั้นจะมิใช่เป็นเพราะความประมาทเลินเล่อของตน<br />
<br />
====== '''《References》''' ======<br />
☆ quoted from “INDEX” with supplementary entries in […]: [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/archives/vol079/vol079_0448-0451.pdf Images in Archives]<br />
<br />
# Old Text (1923): '''''* [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/2466_th_zhgb/index.php/Sec_0194 194], [https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/2466_th_zhgb/index.php/Sec_0195 195]'''''<br />
# Jp. Code (1896,98): <br />
# Gr. Code (1896): '''''[https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/1896_de_bgb/index.php/Book1_Chapter06#Section_229. 229]''''', '''''[https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/1896_de_bgb/index.php/Book1_Chapter06#Section_230. 230]''''', '''''[https://openlegaltextbook.ddns.net/Codes/1896_de_bgb/index.php/Book1_Chapter06#Section_231. 231]'''''<br />
# Miscellaneous: '''''S.O.52 [=S.O.52 par.3]'''''<br />
<br />
====== '''《Comments》''' ======</div>
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