2471th Sec 0479: Difference between revisions

From Thai Codification Codes of 1925
 
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# Gr. Code (1896): '''''[[1896de_Book2_Chapter07_Title01_Part01#Section_440.|440]]'''''
# Gr. Code (1896): '''''[[1896de_Book2_Chapter07_Title01_Part01#Section_440.|440]]'''''
# Swiss Code (1911): * [https://archive.org/details/diegeltendenhan01borcgoog/page/705/mode/2up '''''[F.C.O.241''''', '''''<nowiki>242]</nowiki>''''']''''';''''' '''''[S.O.195''''', '''''196]'''''
# Swiss Code (1911): * [https://archive.org/details/diegeltendenhan01borcgoog/page/705/mode/2up '''''[F.C.O.241''''', '''''<nowiki>242]</nowiki>''''']''''';''''' '''''[S.O.195''''', '''''196]'''''
# Jp. Code (1896): [[1896ja_Book3_Chapter02_Title03_Part02#Article_560.|[560]], [[1896ja_Book3_Chapter02_Title03_Part02#Article_561.|561]], [[1896ja_Book3_Chapter02_Title03_Part02#Article_563.|563]], '''''[[1896ja_Book3_Chapter02_Title03_Part02#Article_566.|566]]''''', '''''[[1896ja_Book3_Chapter02_Title03_Part02#Article_567.|567]]'''''
# Jp. Code (1896): [[1896ja_Book3_Chapter02_Title03_Part02#Article_560.|[560]]], [[1896ja_Book3_Chapter02_Title03_Part02#Article_561.|[561]]], [[1896ja_Book3_Chapter02_Title03_Part02#Article_563.|[563]]], '''''[[1896ja_Book3_Chapter02_Title03_Part02#Article_566.|566]]''''', '''''[[1896ja_Book3_Chapter02_Title03_Part02#Article_567.|567]]'''''
# English Law : [Sale of Goods Act 12]
# English Law: [https://archive.org/details/cu31924022471134/page/n59/mode/2up <nowiki>[Sale of Goods Act 12]</nowiki>]
# Miscellaneous: Plan.II No.1486, 1487
# Miscellaneous: Plan.II No.1486, 1487


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** Art.1638;
** Art.1638;
*** If the estate sold be found to be burdened, a declaration thereof having been made, with non-apparent servitudes, which shall be of such importance that there is ground for presuming that the purchaser would not have bought if he had been informed thereof, he may demand to have the contract rescinded, unless he shall rather prefer an indemnity.
*** If the estate sold be found to be burdened, a declaration thereof having been made, with non-apparent servitudes, which shall be of such importance that there is ground for presuming that the purchaser would not have bought if he had been informed thereof, he may demand to have the contract rescinded, unless he shall rather prefer an indemnity.
* German Civil Code (1896), Sec. 440;
** [I] If the seller does not fulfil the obligations imposed upon him by 433 to 437, 439, the rights of the purchaser are determined according to the provisions of 320 to 327.
** [II] If a moveable has been sold and delivered to the purchaser for the purpose of transfer of ownership, the purchaser may not demand compensation for non-performance on account of the right of a third party involving the possession of the thing, unless he has delivered the thing to the third party in consideration of his right, or has returned it to the seller, or unless the thing has been destroyed.
** [III] It is equivalent to delivery of the thing to the third party, if the third party become heir to the purchaser, or vice versa, or if the purchaser acquires the right of the third party in any other manner, or buys out the third party.
** [IV] If the purchaser has a claim for delivery against another person, the assignment of the claim is sufficient in lieu of the return of the thing.
* Japanese Civil Code (1896, 98);
** Art.566;
*** [I] In case the thing which is the subject of the sale is encumbered with a superficies, emphyteusis, servitude, lien, or pledge, the purchaser may rescind the contract if he was ignorant of the fact, but only in case the object of the contract cannot be attained on account thereof. In other cases, however, he can only demand compensation for damage.
*** [II] The provisions of the preceding Paragraph apply correspondingly if a servitude declared to exist in favour of an immovable which is the subject of a sale does not exist, and when there is a registered lease on the immovable.
*** [III] In the cases of the preceding two Paragraphs the rescission of the contract or the demand for compensation for damage must be made within one year from the moment when the purchaser has become aware of the facts.
** Art.567;
*** [I] If the exercise of a preferential right or mortgage pre-existing in the immovable which is the subject of the sale has dispossessed the purchaser of the ownership thereof, he may rescind the contract.
*** [II] If the purchaser has preserved the ownership by means of making expenditures, he may demand reimbursement thereof from the seller.
*** [III] In any of these cases a purchaser who has sustained damage may demand compensation.

Latest revision as of 10:53, 7 August 2026

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มาตรา 479
  • ถ้าทรัพย์สินซึ่งซื้อขายกันหลุดไปจากผู้ซื้อทั้งหมดหรือแต่บางส่วน เพราะเหตุการณ์รอนสิทธิก็ดี หรือ[ถ้า]ว่าทรัพย์สินนั้นตกอยู่ในบังคับแห่งสิทธิอย่างหนึ่งอย่างใด ซึ่งเป็นเหตุให้เสื่อมราคาหรือเสื่อมความเหมาะสมแก่การที่จะใช้ หรือเสื่อมความสะดวกในการใช้สอย หรือเสื่อมประโยชน์อันพึงได้แต่ทรัพย์สินนั้น และซึ่งผู้ซื้อหาได้รู้ในเวลาซื้อขายไม่ก็ดี ท่านว่าผู้ขายต้องรับผิด

Section 479. (Draft in English from Vol.93)

  • The seller is liable if, by reason of eviction, the buyer is deprived of the whole or part of the property sold or if the property is subject to a right, the existence of which impairs its value, fitness, use or benefit and of which the buyer had no knowledge at the time of sale.
《Genealogies》
  1. Draft of 1919: Ob.417, Ob.418
  2. Draft of April 1924: 482, 483
  3. Book III of January 1925: 479 (Record of Revision in Vol.54)
《References》

☆ quoted from “INDEX” (Original Table in Vol.54) with supplementary entries in […]

  1. Fr. Code (1804): 1626, 1638
  2. Gr. Code (1896): 440
  3. Swiss Code (1911): * [F.C.O.241, 242]; [S.O.195, 196]
  4. Jp. Code (1896): [560], [561], [563], 566, 567
  5. English Law: [Sale of Goods Act 12]
  6. Miscellaneous: Plan.II No.1486, 1487
《Comments》

The most plausible model for this section would be:

  • Swiss Federal Code of Obligations (1881):
    • Art.241;
      • [I] Ist die Entwehrung, für welche der Verkäufer einzustehen hat, eine vollständige, so ist der Kaufvertrag als aufgehoben zu betrachten und der Käufer zu fordern berechtigt:
        • (1) Rückerstattung des bezahlten Preises sammt Zinsen unter Abrechnung der von ihm gewonnenen oder versäumten Früchte und sonstigen Nutzungen;
        • (2) Ersatz der für die Sache gemachten Verwendungen, soweit sie nicht von dem berechtigten Dritten erhältlich sind;
        • (3) Ersatz der sämmtlicben durch den Prozess veranlassten gerichtlichen und aussergerichtlichen Kosten, soweit sie nicht durch Unterlassung der Streitverkündung herbeigeführt worden sind;
        • (4) Ersatz des sonstigen durch die Entwehrung unmittelbar verursachten Schadens.
      • [II] Liegt ein Verschulden des Verkäufers vor, so ist derselbe gemäss Art. 116 verpflichtet, auch weiteren Schaden zu vergüten.
  • Schweizerisches Obligationenrecht (1911):
    • Art.195;
      • [I] Ist die Entwehrung eine vollständige, so ist der Kaufvertrag als aufgehoben zu betrachten und der Käufer zu fordern berechtigt:
        • 1. Rückerstattung des bezahlten Preises samt Zinsen unter Abrechnung der von ihm gewonnenen oder versäumten Früchte und sonstigen Nutzungen,
        • 2. Ersatz der für die Sache gemachten Verwendungen, soweit er nicht von dem berechtigten Dritten erhältlich ist,
        • 3. Ersatz aller durch den Prozess veranlassten gerichtlichen und außergerichtlichen Kosten, mit Ausnahme derjenigen, die durch Streitverkündung vermieden worden wären,
        • 4. Ersatz des sonstigen durch die Entwehrung unmittelbar verursachten Schadens.
      • [II] Der Verkäufer ist verpflichtet, auch den weitern Schaden zu ersetzen, sofern er nicht beweist, dass ihm keinerlei Verschulden zur Last falle.
    • Art.196;
      • [I] Wenn dem Käufer nur ein Teil des Kaufgegenstandes entzogen wird, oder wenn die verkaufte Sache mit einer dinglichen Last beschwert ist, für die der Verkäufer einzustehen hat, so kann der Käufer nicht die Aufhebung des Vertrages, sondern nur Ersatz des Schadens verlangen, der ihm durch die Entwehrung verursacht wird.
      • [II] Ist jedoch nach Maßgabe der Umstände anzunehmen, dass der Käufer den Vertrag nicht geschlossen haben würde, wenn er die teilweise Entwehrung vorausgesehen hätte, so ist er befugt, die Aufhebung des Vertrages zu verlangen.
      • [III] In diesem Falle muss er den Kaufgegenstand, soweit er nicht entwehrt worden ist, nebst dem inzwischen bezogenen Nutzen dem Verkäufer zurückgeben.

The other relevant sources are as follows:

  • French Civil Code (1804);
    • Art.1626;
      • Although at the time of dale no stipulation have been made respecting warranty, the seller is obliged by the law to warrant the purchaser against eviction which he may sustain in the whole or part of the thing sold, or against encumbrances on such object, and not declared at the time of sale.
    • Art.1638;
      • If the estate sold be found to be burdened, a declaration thereof having been made, with non-apparent servitudes, which shall be of such importance that there is ground for presuming that the purchaser would not have bought if he had been informed thereof, he may demand to have the contract rescinded, unless he shall rather prefer an indemnity.
  • German Civil Code (1896), Sec. 440;
    • [I] If the seller does not fulfil the obligations imposed upon him by 433 to 437, 439, the rights of the purchaser are determined according to the provisions of 320 to 327.
    • [II] If a moveable has been sold and delivered to the purchaser for the purpose of transfer of ownership, the purchaser may not demand compensation for non-performance on account of the right of a third party involving the possession of the thing, unless he has delivered the thing to the third party in consideration of his right, or has returned it to the seller, or unless the thing has been destroyed.
    • [III] It is equivalent to delivery of the thing to the third party, if the third party become heir to the purchaser, or vice versa, or if the purchaser acquires the right of the third party in any other manner, or buys out the third party.
    • [IV] If the purchaser has a claim for delivery against another person, the assignment of the claim is sufficient in lieu of the return of the thing.
  • Japanese Civil Code (1896, 98);
    • Art.566;
      • [I] In case the thing which is the subject of the sale is encumbered with a superficies, emphyteusis, servitude, lien, or pledge, the purchaser may rescind the contract if he was ignorant of the fact, but only in case the object of the contract cannot be attained on account thereof. In other cases, however, he can only demand compensation for damage.
      • [II] The provisions of the preceding Paragraph apply correspondingly if a servitude declared to exist in favour of an immovable which is the subject of a sale does not exist, and when there is a registered lease on the immovable.
      • [III] In the cases of the preceding two Paragraphs the rescission of the contract or the demand for compensation for damage must be made within one year from the moment when the purchaser has become aware of the facts.
    • Art.567;
      • [I] If the exercise of a preferential right or mortgage pre-existing in the immovable which is the subject of the sale has dispossessed the purchaser of the ownership thereof, he may rescind the contract.
      • [II] If the purchaser has preserved the ownership by means of making expenditures, he may demand reimbursement thereof from the seller.
      • [III] In any of these cases a purchaser who has sustained damage may demand compensation.